Dog Coats, Raincoats, Sweaters and Boots

Short-haired and single-coated breeds like chihuahuas, whippets, dachshunds and pugs, small dogs close to the ground, puppies and senior or lean dogs lose heat faster. If your dog shivers, hunches or stalls in the cold, a coat helps. Double-coated northern breeds usually don't need one.

You need three measurements: back length from the base of the neck to the base of the tail, chest girth at the widest point, and neck girth. Back length usually sets the size, but always check the chest. The coat shouldn't restrict walking or get in the way of potty breaks.

• Waterproof coat: windproof and water resistant, often fleece-lined for winter.
• Puffer jacket: very warm and light, ideal for dry cold and small dogs that feel the chill.
• Sweater or hoodie: cozy for indoors and cool walks; avoid in rain since knit holds moisture.

Belly coverage keeps your dog dry in wet grass. Reflective trim adds visibility at dusk. A leash opening or built-in harness means no fiddling before walks. Hook-and-loop or buckle closures make dressing quick.

Road salt, ice and hot pavement can hurt paw pads. Dog boots with non-slip soles protect them. Introduce boots slowly at home, rewarding every step; most dogs high-step comically at first and then settle in.

Wash on a cool cycle with closures fastened and dry flat. Brush your dog after wearing a coat so fur doesn't mat underneath.

For most cold-sensitive dogs, two pieces cover the year: a waterproof coat for wet days and a sweater or hoodie for cool, dry mornings. Add an insulated puffer if you live somewhere with harsh winters, and boots if your sidewalks are salted. Choose colors with reflective trim for dark evenings. Having a spare coat also helps on rainy weeks, when one is drying while the other is on your dog. Check the fit at the start of each season, since dogs can gain or lose a little weight over the year. A coat that fit snugly last winter may now pinch behind the front legs or ride up the back.